Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women have a longer life span than men? What is the reason the advantage has grown in the past? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only some solutions. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral and environmental factors which all play a part in women living longer than men, we don't know how much each one contributes.

In spite of the number of pounds, we know that at least part of the reason women live longer than men do today however not as in the past, has to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, زيوت تطويل الشعر there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal line of parity - it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live for longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that while the female advantage exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is only half a year.

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The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in the richer countries than it is now.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female lifespans at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was very small It has significantly increased with time.

By selecting 'Change Country in the chart, confirm that the two points are applicable to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.